I have a wholesaler offering me a fairly low $0.70 CPM for their traffic.
When I look at various traffic networks such as popads, I notice the categories they offer as part of their filtering line up surprisingly well with the categories offered by the reseller.
The matching suggests to me that the value-add of popads is taking the wholesale traffic, identifying things such as browser, geo, ISP, OS, etc and then selling various combinations of the segments to their advertising bidders.
I have that capability already with